Analysis of the Role of Midwives in Increasing Infant Immunization Coverage in Rural Areas
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Published:
Jul 31, 2024
Keywords:
Midwives, Immunization, Infant Health, Rural Healthcare, Public Health
Section
Articles
Statistics Article
Article View : 315 Times
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
This research investigates the role of midwives in enhancing infant immunization coverage in rural areas, emphasizing their contributions to public health. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to assess midwives' impact on vaccination rates. The findings reveal that communities with active midwifery programs achieve significantly higher immunization coverage (85%) compared to those without (65%). Statistical analyses indicate that midwife involvement increases the likelihood of complete vaccination among infants by 2.5 times. Qualitative insights highlight midwives’ roles as trusted community figures, educators, and advocates, fostering positive attitudes toward immunization. Despite these successes, the study identifies systemic barriers, including limited access to vaccines and inadequate training, which hinder midwives’ effectiveness. The research underscores the necessity for supportive policies and systemic changes to empower midwives fully. By recognizing and strengthening the role of midwives, stakeholders can improve immunization efforts and health outcomes for underserved populations.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
How to Cite
Emilia, K. (2024). Analysis of the Role of Midwives in Increasing Infant Immunization Coverage in Rural Areas. International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 2(3), 114–121. https://doi.org/10.35335/ners.v2i3.316
References
Agrawal, A., Kolhapure, S., Di Pasquale, A., Rai, J., & Mathur, A. (2020). Vaccine hesitancy as a challenge or vaccine confidence as an opportunity for childhood immunisation in India. Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 9, 421–432.
Alhendyani, F., Jolly, K., & Jones, L. L. (2022). Views and experiences of maternal healthcare providers regarding influenza vaccine during pregnancy globally: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. PLoS One, 17(2), e0263234.
Sihotang, J., & Manalu, A. (2024). Strategi Pengawasan Orang Tua dalam Mengelola Waktu Bermain Gadget Anak di Desa Pancurbatu. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Nauli, 2(2), 65-72.
Simbolon, R., Sihotang, W., & Sihotang, J. (2024). Tapping Ocean Potential: Strategies for integrating tidal and wave energy into national power grids. GEMOY: Green Energy Management and Optimization Yields, 1(1), 49-65.
Bender, J. L., Cyr, A. B., Arbuckle, L., & Ferris, L. E. (2017). Ethics and privacy implications of using the internet and social media to recruit participants for health research: A privacy-by-design framework for online recruitment. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(4), e104.
Bennett, A. M. (2014). A model for direct entry midwifery education and deployment in Ethiopia: transforming rural communities and health care to save lives.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Bustreo, F., Okwo-Bele, J. M., & Kamara, L. (2015). World Health Organization perspectives on the contribution of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization on reducing child mortality. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100(Suppl 1), S34–S37.
Sihotang, J. (2023). Analysis Of the Differences in The Use of Zoom and Google Meet in Learning at Putra Abadi Langkat
University. Instal: Jurnal Komputer, 15(02), 474-479.
Vinsensia, D., Amri, S., Sihotang, J., & Sihotang, H. T. (2024). New Method for Identification and Response to Infectious
Disease Patterns Based on Comprehensive Health Service Data. MATRIK: Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika dan Rekayasa Komputer, 23(3), 581-590.
Sihotang, H. T., Riandari, F., & Sihotang, J. (2024). Graph-based Exploration for Mining and Optimization of Yields
(GEMOY Method). Jurnal Teknik Informatika CIT Medicom, 16(2), 70-81.
Sihotang, J., Amri, S., & Vinsensia, D. (2024). Exploring the intersection of HIV/AIDS knowledge and rapid testing attitudes
in higher education: A student perspective. Community Service and Applied Research, 1(1), 18-29.
Carman, R., Andrew, L., & Devine, A. (2021). The knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of midwives on the vaccination coverage rates in Perth’s Aboriginal children. BMC Public Health, 21, 1–11.
Castillo, E., Patey, A., & MacDonald, N. (2021). Vaccination in pregnancy: Challenges and evidence-based solutions. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 76, 83–95.
Clark-Kazak, C. (2017). Ethical considerations: Research with people in situations of forced migration. Refuge, 33(2), 11–17.
Sihotang, J., Panjaitan, E. S., & Yunis, R. (2020). Evaluation of Information Technology Governance by Using CobIT 5
Framework at Higher Education. Jurnal Mantik, 4(3), 2194-2203.
Amri, S., & Sihotang, J. (2023). Impact of Poverty Reduction Programs on Healthcare Access in Remote Ar-eas: Fostering
Community Development for Sustainable Health. Law and Economics, 17(3), 170-185.
Sihotang, J., Alesha, A., Batubara, J., Gorat, S. E., & Panjaitan, F. S. (2022). A hybrid approach for adaptive fuzzy network
partitioning and rule generation using rough set theory: Improving data-driven decision making through
accurate and interpretable rules. International Journal of Enterprise Modelling, 16(1), 12-22.
Sihotang, J. (2023). Optimization of Inventory Ordering Decision in Retail Business using Exponential Smoothing
Approach and Decision Support System. International Journal of Mechanical Computational and Manufacturing
Research, 12(2), 46-52.
Dawson, A. J., Nkowane, A. M., & Whelan, A. (2015). Approaches to improving the contribution of the nursing and midwifery workforce to increasing universal access to primary health care for vulnerable populations: a systematic review. Human Resources for Health, 13, 1–23.
Ebu, N. I., Abotsi-Foli, G. E., & Gakpo, D. F. (2021). Nurses’ and midwives’ knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance regarding human papillomavirus vaccination in Ghana: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 20, 1–10.
Agrawal, A., Kolhapure, S., Di Pasquale, A., Rai, J., & Mathur, A. (2020). Vaccine hesitancy as a challenge or vaccine confidence as an opportunity for childhood immunisation in India. Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 9, 421–432.
Alhendyani, F., Jolly, K., & Jones, L. L. (2022). Views and experiences of maternal healthcare providers regarding influenza vaccine during pregnancy globally: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. PLoS One, 17(2), e0263234.
Sihotang, J., & Manalu, A. (2024). Strategi Pengawasan Orang Tua dalam Mengelola Waktu Bermain Gadget Anak di Desa Pancurbatu. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Nauli, 2(2), 65-72.
Simbolon, R., Sihotang, W., & Sihotang, J. (2024). Tapping Ocean Potential: Strategies for integrating tidal and wave energy into national power grids. GEMOY: Green Energy Management and Optimization Yields, 1(1), 49-65.
Bender, J. L., Cyr, A. B., Arbuckle, L., & Ferris, L. E. (2017). Ethics and privacy implications of using the internet and social media to recruit participants for health research: A privacy-by-design framework for online recruitment. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(4), e104.
Bennett, A. M. (2014). A model for direct entry midwifery education and deployment in Ethiopia: transforming rural communities and health care to save lives.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Bustreo, F., Okwo-Bele, J. M., & Kamara, L. (2015). World Health Organization perspectives on the contribution of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization on reducing child mortality. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100(Suppl 1), S34–S37.
Sihotang, J. (2023). Analysis Of the Differences in The Use of Zoom and Google Meet in Learning at Putra Abadi Langkat
University. Instal: Jurnal Komputer, 15(02), 474-479.
Vinsensia, D., Amri, S., Sihotang, J., & Sihotang, H. T. (2024). New Method for Identification and Response to Infectious
Disease Patterns Based on Comprehensive Health Service Data. MATRIK: Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika dan Rekayasa Komputer, 23(3), 581-590.
Sihotang, H. T., Riandari, F., & Sihotang, J. (2024). Graph-based Exploration for Mining and Optimization of Yields
(GEMOY Method). Jurnal Teknik Informatika CIT Medicom, 16(2), 70-81.
Sihotang, J., Amri, S., & Vinsensia, D. (2024). Exploring the intersection of HIV/AIDS knowledge and rapid testing attitudes
in higher education: A student perspective. Community Service and Applied Research, 1(1), 18-29.
Carman, R., Andrew, L., & Devine, A. (2021). The knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of midwives on the vaccination coverage rates in Perth’s Aboriginal children. BMC Public Health, 21, 1–11.
Castillo, E., Patey, A., & MacDonald, N. (2021). Vaccination in pregnancy: Challenges and evidence-based solutions. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 76, 83–95.
Clark-Kazak, C. (2017). Ethical considerations: Research with people in situations of forced migration. Refuge, 33(2), 11–17.
Sihotang, J., Panjaitan, E. S., & Yunis, R. (2020). Evaluation of Information Technology Governance by Using CobIT 5
Framework at Higher Education. Jurnal Mantik, 4(3), 2194-2203.
Amri, S., & Sihotang, J. (2023). Impact of Poverty Reduction Programs on Healthcare Access in Remote Ar-eas: Fostering
Community Development for Sustainable Health. Law and Economics, 17(3), 170-185.
Sihotang, J., Alesha, A., Batubara, J., Gorat, S. E., & Panjaitan, F. S. (2022). A hybrid approach for adaptive fuzzy network
partitioning and rule generation using rough set theory: Improving data-driven decision making through
accurate and interpretable rules. International Journal of Enterprise Modelling, 16(1), 12-22.
Sihotang, J. (2023). Optimization of Inventory Ordering Decision in Retail Business using Exponential Smoothing
Approach and Decision Support System. International Journal of Mechanical Computational and Manufacturing
Research, 12(2), 46-52.
Dawson, A. J., Nkowane, A. M., & Whelan, A. (2015). Approaches to improving the contribution of the nursing and midwifery workforce to increasing universal access to primary health care for vulnerable populations: a systematic review. Human Resources for Health, 13, 1–23.
Ebu, N. I., Abotsi-Foli, G. E., & Gakpo, D. F. (2021). Nurses’ and midwives’ knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance regarding human papillomavirus vaccination in Ghana: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 20, 1–10.
Folkman, S., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2000). Positive affect and the other side of coping. American Psychologist, 55(6), 647.
Sihotang, J. (2019). Implementation of Gray Level Transformation Method for Sharping 2D Images. INFOKUM, 8(1,
Desembe), 16-19.
Sihotang, J. (2020). Analysis of service satisfaction level using rough set algorithm. Infokum, 8(2, Juni), 55-56.
Sihotang, J. (2020). Analysis Of Shortest Path Determination By Utilizing Breadth First Search Algorithm. Jurnal Info Sains: Informatika dan Sains, 10(2), 1-5.
Forza, C. (2002). Survey research in operations management: a process‐based perspective. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 22(2), 152–194.
Frawley, J. E., McKenzie, K., Cummins, A., Sinclair, L., Wardle, J., & Hall, H. (2020). Midwives’ role in the provision of maternal and childhood immunisation information. Women and Birth, 33(2), 145–152.
Freeney, Y., & Fellenz, M. R. (2013). Work engagement as a key driver of quality of care: a study with midwives. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 27(3), 330–349.
Lehner, L., Gribi, J., Hoffmann, K., Paul, K. T., & Kutalek, R. (2021). Beyond the “information deficit model”-understanding vaccine-hesitant attitudes of midwives in Austria: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 21, 1–11.
Mayoh, J., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2015). Toward a conceptualization of mixed methods phenomenological research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 9(1), 91–107.
Michel-Schuldt, M., McFadden, A., Renfrew, M., & Homer, C. (2020). The provision of midwife-led care in low-and middle-income countries: an integrative review. Midwifery, 84, 102659.
Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Gupta, A., Sahu, C., & Keshri, A. (2019). Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(1), 67–72.
Munro, S., Kornelsen, J., & Grzybowski, S. (2013). Models of maternity care in rural environments: Barriers and attributes of interprofessional collaboration with midwives. Midwifery, 29(6), 646–652.
Organization, W. H. (2017). Optimizing the contributions of the nursing and midwifery workforce to achieve universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals through education, research and practice.
Sandall, J., Devane, D., Soltani, H., Hatem, M., & Gates, S. (2010). Improving quality and safety in maternity care: the contribution of midwife-led care. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 55(3), 255–261.
Simeoni, M. (2018). Vaccinating pregnant women: Exploring midwive’s perspectives regarding vaccination in pregnancy in the Waterloo-Wellington Region. University of Waterloo.
Strasser, R., & Strasser, S. (2020). Reimagining primary health care workforce in rural and underserved settings.
Sturm, L. A., Mays, R. M., & Zimet, G. D. (2005). Parental beliefs and decision making about child and adolescent immunization: from polio to sexually transmitted infections. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 26(6), 441–452.
Sumankuuro, J., Crockett, J., & Wang, S. (2018). Perceived barriers to maternal and newborn health services delivery: a qualitative study of health workers and community members in low and middle-income settings. BMJ Open, 8(11), e021223.
Alhendyani, F., Jolly, K., & Jones, L. L. (2022). Views and experiences of maternal healthcare providers regarding influenza vaccine during pregnancy globally: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. PLoS One, 17(2), e0263234.
Sihotang, J., & Manalu, A. (2024). Strategi Pengawasan Orang Tua dalam Mengelola Waktu Bermain Gadget Anak di Desa Pancurbatu. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Nauli, 2(2), 65-72.
Simbolon, R., Sihotang, W., & Sihotang, J. (2024). Tapping Ocean Potential: Strategies for integrating tidal and wave energy into national power grids. GEMOY: Green Energy Management and Optimization Yields, 1(1), 49-65.
Bender, J. L., Cyr, A. B., Arbuckle, L., & Ferris, L. E. (2017). Ethics and privacy implications of using the internet and social media to recruit participants for health research: A privacy-by-design framework for online recruitment. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(4), e104.
Bennett, A. M. (2014). A model for direct entry midwifery education and deployment in Ethiopia: transforming rural communities and health care to save lives.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Bustreo, F., Okwo-Bele, J. M., & Kamara, L. (2015). World Health Organization perspectives on the contribution of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization on reducing child mortality. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100(Suppl 1), S34–S37.
Sihotang, J. (2023). Analysis Of the Differences in The Use of Zoom and Google Meet in Learning at Putra Abadi Langkat
University. Instal: Jurnal Komputer, 15(02), 474-479.
Vinsensia, D., Amri, S., Sihotang, J., & Sihotang, H. T. (2024). New Method for Identification and Response to Infectious
Disease Patterns Based on Comprehensive Health Service Data. MATRIK: Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika dan Rekayasa Komputer, 23(3), 581-590.
Sihotang, H. T., Riandari, F., & Sihotang, J. (2024). Graph-based Exploration for Mining and Optimization of Yields
(GEMOY Method). Jurnal Teknik Informatika CIT Medicom, 16(2), 70-81.
Sihotang, J., Amri, S., & Vinsensia, D. (2024). Exploring the intersection of HIV/AIDS knowledge and rapid testing attitudes
in higher education: A student perspective. Community Service and Applied Research, 1(1), 18-29.
Carman, R., Andrew, L., & Devine, A. (2021). The knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of midwives on the vaccination coverage rates in Perth’s Aboriginal children. BMC Public Health, 21, 1–11.
Castillo, E., Patey, A., & MacDonald, N. (2021). Vaccination in pregnancy: Challenges and evidence-based solutions. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 76, 83–95.
Clark-Kazak, C. (2017). Ethical considerations: Research with people in situations of forced migration. Refuge, 33(2), 11–17.
Sihotang, J., Panjaitan, E. S., & Yunis, R. (2020). Evaluation of Information Technology Governance by Using CobIT 5
Framework at Higher Education. Jurnal Mantik, 4(3), 2194-2203.
Amri, S., & Sihotang, J. (2023). Impact of Poverty Reduction Programs on Healthcare Access in Remote Ar-eas: Fostering
Community Development for Sustainable Health. Law and Economics, 17(3), 170-185.
Sihotang, J., Alesha, A., Batubara, J., Gorat, S. E., & Panjaitan, F. S. (2022). A hybrid approach for adaptive fuzzy network
partitioning and rule generation using rough set theory: Improving data-driven decision making through
accurate and interpretable rules. International Journal of Enterprise Modelling, 16(1), 12-22.
Sihotang, J. (2023). Optimization of Inventory Ordering Decision in Retail Business using Exponential Smoothing
Approach and Decision Support System. International Journal of Mechanical Computational and Manufacturing
Research, 12(2), 46-52.
Dawson, A. J., Nkowane, A. M., & Whelan, A. (2015). Approaches to improving the contribution of the nursing and midwifery workforce to increasing universal access to primary health care for vulnerable populations: a systematic review. Human Resources for Health, 13, 1–23.
Ebu, N. I., Abotsi-Foli, G. E., & Gakpo, D. F. (2021). Nurses’ and midwives’ knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance regarding human papillomavirus vaccination in Ghana: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 20, 1–10.
Agrawal, A., Kolhapure, S., Di Pasquale, A., Rai, J., & Mathur, A. (2020). Vaccine hesitancy as a challenge or vaccine confidence as an opportunity for childhood immunisation in India. Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 9, 421–432.
Alhendyani, F., Jolly, K., & Jones, L. L. (2022). Views and experiences of maternal healthcare providers regarding influenza vaccine during pregnancy globally: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. PLoS One, 17(2), e0263234.
Sihotang, J., & Manalu, A. (2024). Strategi Pengawasan Orang Tua dalam Mengelola Waktu Bermain Gadget Anak di Desa Pancurbatu. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Nauli, 2(2), 65-72.
Simbolon, R., Sihotang, W., & Sihotang, J. (2024). Tapping Ocean Potential: Strategies for integrating tidal and wave energy into national power grids. GEMOY: Green Energy Management and Optimization Yields, 1(1), 49-65.
Bender, J. L., Cyr, A. B., Arbuckle, L., & Ferris, L. E. (2017). Ethics and privacy implications of using the internet and social media to recruit participants for health research: A privacy-by-design framework for online recruitment. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(4), e104.
Bennett, A. M. (2014). A model for direct entry midwifery education and deployment in Ethiopia: transforming rural communities and health care to save lives.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Bustreo, F., Okwo-Bele, J. M., & Kamara, L. (2015). World Health Organization perspectives on the contribution of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization on reducing child mortality. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100(Suppl 1), S34–S37.
Sihotang, J. (2023). Analysis Of the Differences in The Use of Zoom and Google Meet in Learning at Putra Abadi Langkat
University. Instal: Jurnal Komputer, 15(02), 474-479.
Vinsensia, D., Amri, S., Sihotang, J., & Sihotang, H. T. (2024). New Method for Identification and Response to Infectious
Disease Patterns Based on Comprehensive Health Service Data. MATRIK: Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika dan Rekayasa Komputer, 23(3), 581-590.
Sihotang, H. T., Riandari, F., & Sihotang, J. (2024). Graph-based Exploration for Mining and Optimization of Yields
(GEMOY Method). Jurnal Teknik Informatika CIT Medicom, 16(2), 70-81.
Sihotang, J., Amri, S., & Vinsensia, D. (2024). Exploring the intersection of HIV/AIDS knowledge and rapid testing attitudes
in higher education: A student perspective. Community Service and Applied Research, 1(1), 18-29.
Carman, R., Andrew, L., & Devine, A. (2021). The knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of midwives on the vaccination coverage rates in Perth’s Aboriginal children. BMC Public Health, 21, 1–11.
Castillo, E., Patey, A., & MacDonald, N. (2021). Vaccination in pregnancy: Challenges and evidence-based solutions. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 76, 83–95.
Clark-Kazak, C. (2017). Ethical considerations: Research with people in situations of forced migration. Refuge, 33(2), 11–17.
Sihotang, J., Panjaitan, E. S., & Yunis, R. (2020). Evaluation of Information Technology Governance by Using CobIT 5
Framework at Higher Education. Jurnal Mantik, 4(3), 2194-2203.
Amri, S., & Sihotang, J. (2023). Impact of Poverty Reduction Programs on Healthcare Access in Remote Ar-eas: Fostering
Community Development for Sustainable Health. Law and Economics, 17(3), 170-185.
Sihotang, J., Alesha, A., Batubara, J., Gorat, S. E., & Panjaitan, F. S. (2022). A hybrid approach for adaptive fuzzy network
partitioning and rule generation using rough set theory: Improving data-driven decision making through
accurate and interpretable rules. International Journal of Enterprise Modelling, 16(1), 12-22.
Sihotang, J. (2023). Optimization of Inventory Ordering Decision in Retail Business using Exponential Smoothing
Approach and Decision Support System. International Journal of Mechanical Computational and Manufacturing
Research, 12(2), 46-52.
Dawson, A. J., Nkowane, A. M., & Whelan, A. (2015). Approaches to improving the contribution of the nursing and midwifery workforce to increasing universal access to primary health care for vulnerable populations: a systematic review. Human Resources for Health, 13, 1–23.
Ebu, N. I., Abotsi-Foli, G. E., & Gakpo, D. F. (2021). Nurses’ and midwives’ knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance regarding human papillomavirus vaccination in Ghana: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 20, 1–10.
Folkman, S., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2000). Positive affect and the other side of coping. American Psychologist, 55(6), 647.
Sihotang, J. (2019). Implementation of Gray Level Transformation Method for Sharping 2D Images. INFOKUM, 8(1,
Desembe), 16-19.
Sihotang, J. (2020). Analysis of service satisfaction level using rough set algorithm. Infokum, 8(2, Juni), 55-56.
Sihotang, J. (2020). Analysis Of Shortest Path Determination By Utilizing Breadth First Search Algorithm. Jurnal Info Sains: Informatika dan Sains, 10(2), 1-5.
Forza, C. (2002). Survey research in operations management: a process‐based perspective. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 22(2), 152–194.
Frawley, J. E., McKenzie, K., Cummins, A., Sinclair, L., Wardle, J., & Hall, H. (2020). Midwives’ role in the provision of maternal and childhood immunisation information. Women and Birth, 33(2), 145–152.
Freeney, Y., & Fellenz, M. R. (2013). Work engagement as a key driver of quality of care: a study with midwives. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 27(3), 330–349.
Lehner, L., Gribi, J., Hoffmann, K., Paul, K. T., & Kutalek, R. (2021). Beyond the “information deficit model”-understanding vaccine-hesitant attitudes of midwives in Austria: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 21, 1–11.
Mayoh, J., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2015). Toward a conceptualization of mixed methods phenomenological research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 9(1), 91–107.
Michel-Schuldt, M., McFadden, A., Renfrew, M., & Homer, C. (2020). The provision of midwife-led care in low-and middle-income countries: an integrative review. Midwifery, 84, 102659.
Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Gupta, A., Sahu, C., & Keshri, A. (2019). Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(1), 67–72.
Munro, S., Kornelsen, J., & Grzybowski, S. (2013). Models of maternity care in rural environments: Barriers and attributes of interprofessional collaboration with midwives. Midwifery, 29(6), 646–652.
Organization, W. H. (2017). Optimizing the contributions of the nursing and midwifery workforce to achieve universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals through education, research and practice.
Sandall, J., Devane, D., Soltani, H., Hatem, M., & Gates, S. (2010). Improving quality and safety in maternity care: the contribution of midwife-led care. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 55(3), 255–261.
Simeoni, M. (2018). Vaccinating pregnant women: Exploring midwive’s perspectives regarding vaccination in pregnancy in the Waterloo-Wellington Region. University of Waterloo.
Strasser, R., & Strasser, S. (2020). Reimagining primary health care workforce in rural and underserved settings.
Sturm, L. A., Mays, R. M., & Zimet, G. D. (2005). Parental beliefs and decision making about child and adolescent immunization: from polio to sexually transmitted infections. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 26(6), 441–452.
Sumankuuro, J., Crockett, J., & Wang, S. (2018). Perceived barriers to maternal and newborn health services delivery: a qualitative study of health workers and community members in low and middle-income settings. BMJ Open, 8(11), e021223.
Copyright and Licensing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.