Calvarial bone destruction secondary to dermoid cyst with squamous cell carcinoma transformation: A rare case report
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Published:
Apr 30, 2026
Keywords:
Brain Tumor, Case Report, Dermoid Cyst, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Abstract
Dermoid cysts are congenital, benign lesions that originate from ectodermal inclusions during embryogenesis and are most often encountered in the scalp and intracranial regions. While their clinical course is generally indolent, malignant transformation is an exceptionally rare phenomenon, with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) being the most frequently reported histologic subtype. Such transformation is clinically significant, as it alters the otherwise benign natural history of dermoid cysts into a locally aggressive neoplasm capable of extensive tissue invasion. We report a rare case of a dermoid cyst undergoing malignant degeneration into SCC with associated calvarial bone destruction. This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical clinical presentations and radiologic findings that may suggest malignant change. The clinical manifestations, radiographic characteristics, surgical approach, histopathological confirmation, and postoperative course are presented, followed by a review of the relevant literature to contextualize this uncommon entity and its therapeutic implications.
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How to Cite
Indreswari, L., Adji, N. K., Putri, K. Y. W., & Nugraha, M. Y. (2026). Calvarial bone destruction secondary to dermoid cyst with squamous cell carcinoma transformation: A rare case report. International Journal on Health and Medical Sciences, 4(2), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.35335/healmed.v4i2.671
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Wijayanti, A. R., Setiyandari, B. H., & Saputra, L. A. (2026). PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSIS LESI KISTIK REGIO COLLI. Ibnu Sina: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan-Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, 25(1), 141–154.
Yolanda, S., Aninditha, T., Sofyan, H. R., & Mulyadi, R. (2022). Ekstensi dan Invasi Intrakranial Tumor Kulit Kepala: Tantangan Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana. Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia, 39(2).
Ariesta, C. (2024). Karakteristik Pasien Karsinoma Sel Basal di RSUP DR Wahidin Sudirohusodo dan RS Pendidikan Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar Periode Januari-Desember 2022= Characteristic of Basal Cell Carcinoma Patients at DR Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and Hasanuddin University Education Hospital Makassar for the Period Januari-December 2022. Universitas Hasanuddin.
Barkovich, A. J. (2005). Pediatric neuroimaging. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Elistyasari, A. D. (2023). Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Tumor Tulang Primer Yang Dirawat di RSUP Wahidin Sudirohusodo Periode Tahun 2020-2022= Characteristics of Primary Bone Tumor Patients Treated at Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital Period 2020-2022. Universitas Hasanuddin.
Epsilawati, L., Firman, R., Pramanik, F., & Ambarlita, Y. (2018). Gambaran radiograf dari lesi keganasan maksilofasial:(literature review). Makassar Dental Journal, 7(2).
Hana Muthi’a, P. (2025). HUBUNGAN USIA, JENIS KELAMIN, LOKASI DAN JENIS TUMOR DENGAN DERAJAT HISTOPATOLOGI TUMOR OTAK DI RSUD H. ABDUL MOELOEK BANDAR LAMPUNG.
Hutasoit, G. A., Sari, P., Rupawan, I. K., & Salman, M. (2022). Tumor phyllodes dan prognosisnya: Peer review. Healthy Tadulako Journal (Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako), 8(3), 204–213.
JUHAMRAN, R. V. (2025). KESESUAIAN HASIL PEMERIKSAAN MRI VERTEBRA DENGAN HASIL KULTUR JARINGAN DALAM MENEGAKKAN DIAGNOSIS SPONDILITIS PIOGENIK= COMPATIBILITY OF VERTEBRA MRI EXAMINATION RESULTS WITH TISSUE CULTURE RESULTS IN ESTABLISHING THE DIAGNOSIS OF PYOGENIC SPONDYLITIS. Universitas Hasanuddin.
Kania, R. E., Verillaud, B., Tran, H., Gagnon, R., Kazitani, D., Huy, P. T. B., Herman, P., & Charlin, B. (2011). Online script concordance test for clinical reasoning assessment in otorhinolaryngology: the association between performance and clinical experience. Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, 137(8), 751–755.
Klinis, G. (2023). Pemeriksaan Penunjang Pemeriksaan penunjang yang diperlukan berupa imaging, foto polos atau. SINOPSIS BEDAH KEPALA LEHER, 39, 167.
Koeller, K. K., & Shih, R. Y. (2019). Intradural extramedullary spinal neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics, 39(2), 468–490.
Mahendra, I. N. B., OG, S., Onk, S., Kes, M. H., Nathalia, J., Trijayanti, N. N., KM, S., & Winata, I. G. S. (2026). BUKU AJAR KANKER VULVA. PT Bukuloka Literasi Bangsa.
Maku, Z., Winaya, K. K., & Triatmakusuma, Y. (2025). Karakteristik Kanker Kulit Berdasarkan Tipe Histopatologi dan Tindakan Operatif di Bagian Dermatology dan Venereology RSUD Sumbawa Tahun 2024-2025. The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine, 15(2), 1–31.
Maulidiyah, M. (2023). Deteksi osteoporosis melalui analisa tekstur metode Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM) citra X-Ray tulang lutut dengan metode klasifikasi Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
Miller, C. A., Delaney, J. J., & Schuette, A. J. (2019). Dual Invasive Fungal Infection Presenting with Cervical Myelopathy. World Neurosurgery, 131, 227–229.
Nakazato, Y., & Hirato, J. (2005). A 29-year-old woman who presented with personality change and a tumor in the frontal skull base. Neuropathology, 25(4).
Nickl, R. C., Nickl, V., Schindehütte, M., Monoranu, C.-M., Ernestus, R.-I., & Löhr, M. (2022). Malignant transformation of a cerebral dermoid cyst into a squamous cell carcinoma with malignant intraperitoneal spreading along a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: illustrative case. Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons, 4(16).
Rahman, F. U. A., Azhari, A., Epsilawati, L., Firman, R. N., & Pramanik, F. (2020). Micro-Computed Tomography: Teknologi pencitraan mikroskopis berbasis Computed Tomography dan pengunaannya dalam analisis kualitas tulang. Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia (JRDI), 4(3), 111–116.
Retnani, D. P., Norahmawati, E., Angelina, A., Dewi, R. K., Cahayani, W. A., & Jatmiko, S. W. (2021). Dasar Diagnosis dan Tata Laksana Neoplasma Dermis. Universitas Brawijaya Press.
Shaikh, M., Sharif, S., & Rafay, M. (2019). Primary intracranial squamous cell carcinoma arising in dermoid cyst. Asian Journal of Neurosurgery, 14(03), 904–906.
Sitanggang, F. P., Ayusta, I. M. D. P., & Suastari, N. M. P. (2021). Peran MRI dalam pencitraan diagnostik tumor cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Baswara Press.
Smirniotopoulos, J. G., & Chiechi, M. V. (1995). Teratomas, dermoids, and epidermoids of the head and neck. Radiographics, 15(6), 1437–1455.
Tanggo, V. V. C. M., Danardono, E., Wihandono, A., Kamal, R. H., & Filbert, W. H. (2024). Basic surgical science of breast, head and neck, skin and soft tissue Oncology. Uwais Inspirasi Indonesia.
Tangjitgamol, S., Manusirivithaya, S., Sheanakul, C., Leelahakorn, S., Thawaramara, T., & Jesadapatarakul, S. (2003). Squamous cell carcinoma arising from dermoid cyst: case reports and review of literature. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 13(4), 558–563.
Wijayanti, A. R., Setiyandari, B. H., & Saputra, L. A. (2026). PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSIS LESI KISTIK REGIO COLLI. Ibnu Sina: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan-Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, 25(1), 141–154.
Yolanda, S., Aninditha, T., Sofyan, H. R., & Mulyadi, R. (2022). Ekstensi dan Invasi Intrakranial Tumor Kulit Kepala: Tantangan Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana. Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia, 39(2).
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