The Effect of Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Cortisol Levels in Moderate to Heavy Male Smokers
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Abstract
This study examines the effect of moderate-intensity exercise on cortisol levels in moderate to heavy male smokers. Smoking is known to elevate cortisol levels, contributing to chronic stress and adverse health outcomes. The purpose of this research was to assess whether regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise could reduce cortisol levels and mitigate stress in smokers. A total of 30 male smokers, aged 25 to 45 years, participated in a four-week exercise program. Participants were divided into an experimental group, which engaged in 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise three times a week, and a control group, which maintained their usual activities without intervention. Cortisol levels were measured through salivary samples taken before and after the intervention. Results showed a significant reduction in cortisol levels in the experimental group, from 18.5 nmol/L to 13.1 nmol/L (p < 0.01), compared to no significant change in the control group. These findings suggest that moderate-intensity exercise can effectively reduce cortisol levels in male smokers, providing a potential non-pharmacological approach to managing stress and improving hormonal balance in this population. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and potential benefits of exercise in smokers, as well as its role in improving overall health outcomes.
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